bump version

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "spl"
-version = "0.4.0"
+version = "0.4.1"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "Stack Pogramming Language: A simple, concise scripting language."
 license = "MIT"

README.md

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ func main { mega | with args ;
         &print swap:foreach
     "" println
     println<"and with that, we're done">
+    [ ^hello ^pattern-matching ] => [ ^hello &=args ] if { 
+        args println "prints pattern-matching";
+    }
     0
 }
 ```
@@ -262,3 +265,42 @@ As you can see, it's relatively straight-forward to do; but there are some major
 The second one is easy to fix, but I intend to fix the first one first. Sadly, fixing it requires
 compiling the code as a dynamic library and also getting it to work with the program its running in. 
 If anyone knows how to do this properly, I'd REALLY appreciate a PR or issue explaining it.
+
+## Syntactic sugar
+
+There's a lot of things that look kinda tedious to do in SPL, syntactically speaking. So over time,
+I regularly add syntactic sugar:
+
+- `a => b` -> `a b match`
+- `a =>? b` -> `a dup b match _'match-else-push` (match that will push the offending value on error)
+- `a =>! b` -> `a b match _'match-else-error` (match that throws an error when unable to match)
+- `a<| b c d e>` -> `a<{ | b c d e }>` -> `{ | b c d e } a`
+- `def a, b, c` -> `def a def b def c`
+
+## Matching
+
+The match function `match` and its accompanying sugar take in two values and essentially do a special
+compare for equality on them. Unlike everything else, which is just compared normally, arrays are
+iterated through and their items checked individually, recursively. When a callable (`{ ... | ... }`)
+is found in b, any value in a is accepted for it, and the function is called *if and only if* every
+other part of the match also succeeds.
+The function returns 1 on success, otherwise 0.
+
+Example:
+```js
+def a, val
+[ ^ok "hey matcher" ] =a
+
+a =>! [ ^ok &=val ]
+val println
+
+a =>? [ ^ok &=val ] not if {
+  "error: " swap concat panic
+}
+val println
+
+a => [ ^ok &=val ] not if {
+  "error" panic
+}
+val println
+```

spl/fast.spl

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+
+"#stream.spl" import
+"#http.spl" import
+
+func ls { files | "." list-files }
+func ls@ { files | list-files }
+func cd { | chdir }
+func cat { | read-file }
+
+func output { | with thing ;
+	thing gettype "array" eq 
+	thing gettype:ends-with<^Iter> or 
+	dup if {
+		thing:foreach<&println>
+	}
+	not if {
+		thing _str println
+	}
+}
+
+func *m { | swap :ends-with }
+func m* { | swap :starts-with }
+func # { | swap :filter }
+func ? { | swap :map }
+func times { | :iter }
+
+func \ { | pop }
+
+func ~@ { | env:get<"HOME"> "/" concat swap concat }
+func ~ { | env:get<"HOME"> }
+func $ { v | env:get }
+
+func . { | output }
+func ex { | with s ; [ ^sh ^-c s ] command-wait; }
+func ex% { | command-wait; }
+func ex. { | with s ; [ ^sh ^-c s ] StreamTypes:cmd:create:read-to-end<1024 16 *> }
+func ex%. { | StreamTypes:cmd:create:read-to-end<1024 16 *> }
+func into { | with input file ;
+	input gettype any<[ { | "array" eq } { | "bytearray" eq } ]> not if { input _str:to-bytes =input }
+	file 1 StreamTypes:file:create
+		dup :write-exact;<input>
+			:close;
+}
+
+func tcp { stream |
+	StreamTypes:tcp:create
+}
+
+func curl { s | bcurl:to-str }
+
+func bcurl { bytes | with url ;
+	1 if {
+		url:readf<"{}:{}/{}"> dup if { 
+			=url
+			url:0 url:1 _int "GET" "/" url:2 concat net:http:Request:new
+			2 stop
+		} pop
+		url:readf<"{}:{}"> dup if { 
+			=url
+			url:0 url:1 _int "GET" "/" net:http:Request:new
+			2 stop
+		} pop
+		url:readf<"{}/{}"> dup if { 
+			=url
+			url:0 80 "GET" "/" url:1 concat net:http:Request:new
+			2 stop
+		} pop
+		url:readf<"{}"> dup if { 
+			=url
+			url:0 80 "GET" "/" net:http:Request:new
+			2 stop
+		} pop
+		"invalid url" panic
+	} :send:body
+}
+
+construct _shell_array_ext {
+    idx
+    ;
+    next { any | with this ; 
+        this:idx 0 or dup ++ this:=idx this:sget
+    }
+}
+include _shell_array_ext in array
+include _Iter in array
+
+func any { bool | with o checks ;
+	0 checks:foreach<{ | o swap call if { pop 1 } }>
+}

spl/httpserver/base.spl

@@ -42,26 +42,34 @@ construct net:http:server:Request {
 	construct { this | with server stream this ;
 		server this:=server
 		stream this:=stream
-		0 anew this:=head
+		0 banew this:=head
-		0 anew this:=body
+		0 banew this:=body
 		this
 	}
 	read-head { this | with this ;
 		def read
-		def buf 1024 anew =buf
+		def buf 1024 banew =buf
 		def found
 		while {
-			buf this:stream:read pop =read
+			buf this:stream:read pop dup =read
-			"\r\n\r\n" :to-bytes buf:find dup =found not read and
+			"\r\n\r\n" :to-bytes buf:find dup =found null eq and
 		} {
-			this:head buf:sub<0 read> aadd this:=head
+			this:head buf:sub<0 read>:replace<"\r" :to-bytes 0 banew> aadd this:=head
+			"\n\n" :to-bytes this:head:find dup null eq not if {
+				=found
+				this:head:sub<0 found>:to-str this:=head
+				1 ( buf:0 "\r" eq if { pop 2 } ) buf:len buf:sub =buf
+				buf this:=body
+				this
+				4 stop
+			0 } pop
 		}
-		this:head buf:sub<0 found> aadd:to-str this:=head
+		this:head buf:sub<0 found>:replace<"\r" :to-bytes 0 banew> aadd:to-str this:=head
 		buf:sub<found 4 + buf:len> this:=body
 		this
 	}
 	parse-head { this | with this ;
-		this:head:split<"\r\n"> this:=head
+		this:head:split<"\n"> this:=head
 		def iter this:head:iter =iter
 		iter:next:readf<"{} {} HTTP/{}"> dup if {
 			dup:to-stack this:=version this:=raw-path this:=method
@@ -100,7 +108,7 @@ construct net:http:server:Request {
 	read-body { this | with this ;
 		this:headers:get<"content-length"> dup if { _mega with content-length ;
 			def read
-			def buf 1024 anew =buf
+			def buf 1024 banew =buf
 			while {
 				this:body:len content-length lt read and
 			} {
@@ -146,7 +154,7 @@ construct net:http:server:Request {
 	}
 	finish { | with this ;
 		this:wrote-body not if {
-			0 anew this:write-body;
+			0 banew this:write-body;
 		}
 		this:stream:close;
 	}

spl/httpserver/static.spl

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 "base.spl" import
+"../stream.spl" import
 
 "_static_ext_server" net:http:server:register
 "_static_ext_Request" net:http:server:register
+"bufsize" net:http:server:register
+"client-cache" net:http:server:register
+1024 net:http:server:=bufsize
 
 construct net:http:server:_static_ext_server {
+	bufsize
+	client-cache
 	cached-files
 	;
 	get-cached-files { cached-files | with this ;
@@ -13,18 +19,25 @@ construct net:http:server:_static_ext_server {
 
 construct net:http:server:_static_ext_Request {
 	;
+	get-bufsize { bufsize | with this ;
+		this:bufsize net:http:server:bufsize or
+	}
+	get-client-cache { client-cache | with this ;
+		this:client-cache net:http:server:client-cache or
+	}
 	serve-file { this | with filepath path type this ;
 		this:path path eq if {
-			filepath read-file this:write-ok:write-content-type<type>:write-str-body:finish;
+			filepath StreamTypes:file:create<0>:read-to-end<this:get-bufsize> this:write-ok:write-content-type<type>:write-body:finish;
 		}
 		this
 	}
 	serve-file-cached { this | with filepath path type this ;
 		this:path path eq if {
 			filepath this:server:get-cached-files:get dup not if {
-				pop filepath read-file dup this:server:cached-files:set;<filepath>
+				pop filepath StreamTypes:file:create<0>:read-to-end<this:get-bufsize> dup this:server:cached-files:set;<filepath>
 			}
-			this:write-ok:write-content-type<type>:write-str-body:finish;
+			def cache this:get-client-cache =cache
+			this:write-ok cache if { :write-header<"Cache-Control" "public, max-age=" cache _str concat> } :write-content-type<type>:write-body:finish;
 		}
 		this
 	}

spl/iter.spl

@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ construct _Iter {
     foreach { | with callable this ;
         !!-
         while { !!- this:next dup null eq not } {
-            !!- callable call
+            !!- callable callp
         }
         pop
     }
     collect { array | with this ;
-        [ { any | } this:foreach ]
+        [ { | } this:foreach ]
     }
     map { MapIter | with map-function this ;
         map-function this MapIter:new

spl/json.spl

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+
+construct json namespace {
+	_StringyJSON
+	;
+	props-to-sjson { s | with spaces props this ;
+		def value, comma
+		"," spaces if { " " concat } =comma
+
+		props:last:get<1> =value
+		value null eq not if {
+			value gettype "array" eq if {
+				"[" value
+					:iter
+					:map<| 0 swap properties this:props-to-sjson>
+					:join<comma> concat
+					"]" concat
+				3 stop
+			}
+			"\""
+				value _str :replace<"\\" "\\\\">:replace<"\"" "\\\""> concat 
+				"\"" concat
+			2 stop
+		}
+
+		"{" 
+		props
+			:iter
+			:filter<{ b | :to-stack pop with key ; key ":" eq not key ";" eq not and }>
+			:map<{ s | 
+				:to-stack with key value ; 
+				"\"" 
+					key :replace<"\\" "\\\\">:replace<"\"" "\\\""> concat 
+					"\":" concat spaces if { " " concat } 
+					spaces value properties this:props-to-sjson concat 
+			}>
+			:join<comma> concat
+		"}" concat
+	}
+}
+
+construct json:_StringyJSON {
+	;
+	sjson { s | with spaces this ;
+		spaces this properties json:props-to-sjson
+	}
+}
+
+include json:_StringyJSON in array
+include json:_StringyJSON in str

spl/linkedlist.spl

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+
+construct LinkedList {
+	next
+	value
+	;
+	construct { this | }
+	len { mega | with this ;
+		def i this:value null eq not =i
+		while { this:next null eq not } {
+			this:next =this
+			i ++ =i
+		}
+		i
+	}
+	push { | with item this ;
+		item:unwrap;
+		this:value null eq if {
+			item this:=value;
+			2 stop
+		}
+		LinkedList:new
+		dup :=value;<item>
+		 	this:last-entry:=next;
+	}
+	last-entry { list | with this ;
+		while { this:next null eq not } {
+			this:next =this
+		}
+		this
+	}
+	peek { value | with this ;
+		this:last-entry:value
+	}
+	pop { item | with this ;
+		def item this =item
+		null
+		while { item:next null eq not } {
+			pop item
+			item:next =item
+		}
+		"if theres no next item in this";
+		dup null eq if {
+			pop
+			this:value (null this:=value;) 2 stop
+		}
+		:=next;<null>
+		item:value
+	}
+	push-front { | with item this ;
+		item:unwrap;
+		this:value null eq if {
+			item this:=value;
+			2 stop
+		}
+		"append new next identical to this, then make this contain new value";
+		def new LinkedList:new =new
+		this:next new:=next;
+		this:value new:=value;
+		item this:=value;
+		new this:=next;
+	}
+	insert { | with item index this ;
+		item:unwrap;
+		index 0 eq if {
+			item this:push-front 2 stop
+		}
+		def list this =list
+		while { index 1 gt } {
+			list:next =list
+			index -- =index
+		}
+		item list:next:push-front
+	}
+	pop-front { item | with this ;
+		this:value
+		this:next null eq dup if {
+			null this:=value
+		}
+		not if {
+			this:next:value this:=value
+			this:next:next this:=next
+		}
+	}
+	remove { item | with index this ;
+		index 0 eq if {
+			this:pop-front 2 stop
+		}
+		def list this =list
+		while { index 1 gt } {
+			list:next =list
+			index -- =index
+		}
+		list:next:pop-front
+	}
+	get { item | with index this ;
+		while { index 0 gt } {
+			this:next =this
+			index -- =index
+		}
+		this:value
+	}
+	set { item | with value index this ;
+		while { index 0 gt } {
+			this:next =this
+			index -- =index
+		}
+		this:value value this:=value
+	}
+	foreach { | with callable this ;
+		while { this null eq not } {
+			this:value dup null eq not if { callable:call; }
+			this:next =this
+		}
+	}
+	iter { LinkedListIter | with this ;
+		this LinkedListIter:new
+	}
+}
+
+construct LinkedListIter {
+	cur-list
+	;
+	construct { this | with list this ;
+		list this:=cur-list
+		this
+	}
+	next { item | with this ;
+		this:cur-list dup null eq if { 2 stop }
+		:value
+		this:cur-list:next this:=cur-list;
+	}
+}
+
+include _Iter in LinkedListIter

spl/pure.spl

@@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ func and { a&&b | with a b ;
 }
 
 func or { a||b | with a b ;
-    0
+    b
-    a if { pop 1 }
+    a if { pop a }
-    b if { pop 1 }
 }
 
 func alit-end { array | with type ;

spl/repl.spl

@@ -1,12 +1,31 @@
 
+"fast.spl" import
+
 func main { mega | with args ;
     "Welcome to the SPL REPL!" println
-    "Enter any code after the cursor to execute it.\n" println
+    "Enter any code after the cursor to execute it." println
+    "fast.spl (for shell-like functions) is included.\n" println
 
     "REPL" =program-name
     while { 1 } {
         catch {
-            "  > " print readln dyn-read exec2 "\n" print
+            def line "" =line
+            while { line repl-is-complete not } {
+                def s
+                line "  > " print readln =s
+                s "\n" concat concat =line
+            }
+            line _barray =line
+            line:sub<0 line:len 1 -> _str =line
+            "!!-end" line:contains if {
+                2 stop
+            }
+            "\n" line:contains if {
+                "" println
+                line println
+                "." println
+            }
+            line dyn-read exec2 "\n" print
         } 
         { with err ;
             err:message dup null eq if {
@@ -27,3 +46,25 @@ func main { mega | with args ;
         }
     }
 }
+
+func repl-is-complete { bool | with line ;
+    "!!-end" line:contains
+    0 line _array :foreach<{ | with char ; 
+        char "{" :_char eq 
+        char "(" :_char eq or 
+        char "<" :_char eq or 
+        char "[" :_char eq or 
+        if {
+            ++
+        }
+        char "}" :_char eq 
+        char ")" :_char eq or 
+        char ">" :_char eq or 
+        char "]" :_char eq or 
+        if {
+            --
+        }
+    }> not
+    or
+    "" line eq not and
+}

spl/std.spl

@@ -42,11 +42,20 @@ construct _str_ext {
         replacee:to-bytes replacement:to-bytes this:to-bytes:replace:to-str
     }
     find { idx | with search this ;
-        search _array this _array :find
+        search _barray this _barray :find
+    }
+    contains { bool | with search this ;
+        search this:find null eq not
     }
     starts-with { bool | with beginning this ;
         beginning:to-bytes this:to-bytes:starts-with
     }
+    ends-with { bool | with ending this ;
+        ending:to-bytes this:to-bytes:ends-with
+    }
+    escape { formatted | with this ;
+        "\"" this:replace<"\\" "\\\\">:replace<"\"" "\\\"">:replace<"\n" "\\n">:replace<"\r" "\\r"> concat "\"" concat
+    }
     _char { int | with this ; 
         0 (this _array):get
     }
@@ -54,7 +63,7 @@ construct _str_ext {
         !!- pat this str-readf
     }
     readf1 { str | with pat this ;
-        !!- pat this:readf 0:get
+        !!- pat this:readf dup null eq not if { :0 }
     }
     uppercase { str | with this ;
         this _array :cmap<{ | with chr ; 
@@ -89,15 +98,27 @@ construct _mega-ext {
         while { !!- i this lt } { !!- i callable call i 1 + =i }
     }
     fforeach { | with callable this ;
-        0 while { !!- dup2 this lt } { !!- callable call 1 + }
+        0 while { !!- dup2 this lt } { !!- callable callp 1 + }
     }
     _str_radix { str | with radix this ;
         this radix mega-to-str-radix
     }
+    iter { MegaIter | with this ;
+        this MegaIter:new
+    }
 } include _mega-ext in mega
 
 construct _array-ext {
     ;
+    another { array | with this ;
+        this gettype =this
+        this "array" eq if {
+            anew
+        }
+        this "bytearray" eq if {
+            banew
+        }
+    }
     get { any | array-get }
     sget { any|null | with idx this ;
         idx this:len lt idx -1 gt and dup if {
@@ -135,7 +156,7 @@ construct _array-ext {
     }
     to-str { str | bytes-to-str }
     sub { [any] | with begin end this ;
-        this (end begin - anew) begin 0 (end begin -) acopy
+        this (end begin - this:another) begin 0 (end begin -) acopy
     }
     split { arr | with splitter this ;
         def i 0 =i
@@ -197,6 +218,9 @@ construct _array-ext {
         }
         null
     }
+    contains { bool | with search this ;
+        search awrap this:find null eq not
+    }
     starts-with { bool | with beginning this ;
         this:len beginning:len lt if {
             0
@@ -204,6 +228,13 @@ construct _array-ext {
         }
         0 beginning:len this:sub beginning eq
     }
+    ends-with { bool | with ending this ;
+        this:len ending:len lt if {
+            0
+            2 stop
+        }
+        this:len ending:len - this:len this:sub ending eq
+    }
     last { | with this ;
         this:len -- this:get
     }
@@ -240,7 +271,9 @@ construct _array-ext {
     =4 { | with this ;
         4 this:set;
     }
-} include _array-ext in array
+} 
+include _array-ext in array
+include _array-ext in bytearray
 
 construct _func-ext {
     args
@@ -288,6 +321,7 @@ construct List {
     to-stack { .. | :array:to-stack }
     to-str { str | :array:to-str }
     sub { [any] | :array:sub }
+    clear { | :=array<0 anew> }
 }
 construct _GrowingArray {
     ;
@@ -345,7 +379,7 @@ construct ArrayIter {
 construct _IterableArray {
     ;
     iter { ArrayIter | with this ;
-        this gettype "array" eq dup if {
+        this gettype:ends-with<"array"> dup if {
             pop
             this ArrayIter:new
             2 stop
@@ -357,6 +391,7 @@ construct _IterableArray {
 include _Iter in ArrayIter
 include _IterableArray in List
 include _IterableArray in array
+include _IterableArray in bytearray
 
 construct MicroMap {
     pairs
@@ -401,6 +436,20 @@ construct MicroMap {
     foreach { | with callable this ;
         callable this:pairs:foreach
     }
+    clear { | with this ;
+        this:pairs:clear;
+    }
+    to-str { str | with this ;
+        "{ " 
+        { | with item ;
+            "'" concat
+            0 item:get dup null eq if { "key is null" panic } _str concat
+            "': '" concat
+            1 item:get dup null eq if { "value is null" panic } _str concat
+            "', " concat
+        } this:foreach
+        "}" concat
+    }
 }
 
 construct Range {
@@ -455,11 +504,27 @@ construct RangeIter {
 
 include _Iter in RangeIter
 
+construct MegaIter {
+    i d
+    ;
+    construct { this | with d this ;
+        d this:=d
+        0 this:=i
+        this
+    }
+    next { i | with this ;
+        this:i dup ++ this:=i
+        dup this:d lt not if { pop null }
+    }
+}
+include _Iter in MegaIter
+
+
 construct shadow { }
 
 func aadd { array | with arr1 arr2 ;
 
-    def newarr arr1:len arr2:len + anew =newarr
+    def newarr arr1:len arr2:len + arr1:another =newarr
 
     arr1 newarr 0 0        arr1:len acopy;
     arr2 newarr 0 arr1:len arr2:len acopy;
@@ -494,6 +559,8 @@ func cache { ... | with arg-amt id body ;
     result
 }
 
+func panic-handler { | "to be overridden"; }
+
 def do-not-dump 0 =do-not-dump
 func handle-panic { | with msg trace ;
     program-name dup if {
@@ -504,6 +571,7 @@ func handle-panic { | with msg trace ;
     &println trace:foreach 
     "\nPanic message:" println
     "    " print msg println
+    panic-handler
     def map env =map
     "SPL_PANIC_DUMP" env:get dup if {
         "Dumping because SPL_PANIC_DUMP is set." println
@@ -582,6 +650,90 @@ func times { | with amount callable ;
     }
 }
 
+func check-match { bool | with input output ;
+    input null eq if {
+        0 2 stop
+    }
+    output gettype "func" eq if {
+        1 2 stop
+    }
+    input output eq if {
+        1 2 stop
+    }
+    output gettype "array" eq if {
+        def i, n
+        0 =i
+        output:len =n
+        input:len n eq not if { 0 3 stop }
+        1 while { i n lt } {
+            input:get<i> output:get<i> check-match and
+            i ++ =i
+        }
+        2 stop
+    }
+    0
+}
+
+func match-unchecked { | with input output ;
+    output gettype "func" eq if {
+        input output call
+        2 stop
+    }
+    output gettype "array" eq if {
+        def i, n
+        0 =i
+        output:len =n
+        input:len n eq not if { 3 stop }
+        while { i n lt } {
+            input:get<i> output:get<i> match-unchecked
+            i ++ =i
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+func match { bool | with input output ;
+    input null eq if {
+        0 2 stop
+    }
+    output gettype "func" eq if {
+        input output call
+        1 2 stop
+    }
+    input output eq if {
+        1 2 stop
+    }
+    output gettype "array" eq if {
+        def i, n
+        0 =i
+        output:len =n
+        input:len n eq not if { 0 3 stop }
+        1 while { i n lt } {
+            input:get<i> output:get<i> check-match and
+            i ++ =i
+        } dup if {
+            0 =i
+            while { i n lt } {
+                input:get<i> output:get<i> match-unchecked
+                i ++ =i
+            }
+        }
+        2 stop
+    }
+    0
+}
+
+func _'match-else-error { |
+    not if {
+        "match unsuccessful" throw
+    }
+}
+
+func _'match-else-push { |
+    dup if {
+        swap pop
+    }
+}
+
 def _'has-been-called 0 =_'has-been-called
 func _ { | 
     _'has-been-called not if {

spl/stream.spl

@@ -15,28 +15,26 @@ construct Stream {
         this
     }
     read-one { mega | with this ;
-        def buf 1 anew =buf
+        def buf 1 banew =buf
         while { buf this:id read-stream pop not } { }
         0 buf:get _mega
     }
     "the buffer is written to in-place.";
     read { mega [int] | with buf this ;
-        buf gettype "mega" eq if { buf anew =buf }
+        buf gettype "mega" eq if { buf banew =buf }
         buf this:id read-stream
     }
     "the buffer is written to in-place.";
     read-exact { [int] | with buf this ;
-        buf gettype "mega" eq if { buf anew =buf }
+        buf gettype "mega" eq if { buf banew =buf }
         buf this:id read-all-stream buf
     }
     read-to-end { [int] | with buf this ;
-        def full 0 anew =full
+        buf gettype "mega" eq if { buf banew =buf }
-        buf gettype "mega" eq if { buf anew =buf }
         def read
-        while { buf this:id read-stream pop _mega dup =read } {
+        0 banew while { buf this:id read-stream pop _mega dup =read } {
-            full (0 read buf:sub) aadd =full
+            (0 read buf:sub) aadd
-        } pop
+        }
-        full
     }
     write { mega | with buf this ;
         buf this:id write-stream
@@ -47,6 +45,9 @@ construct Stream {
     flush { | with this ;
         this:id flush-stream
     }
+    shutdown-input { | with this ;
+        this:id shutdown-input-stream
+    }
     close { | with this ;
         this:id close-stream
     }

src/lexer.rs

@@ -78,6 +78,10 @@ fn read_block_dyn(
                 );
             }
             "def" => {
+                while let Some(w) = str_words[i + 1].strip_suffix(',') {
+                    words.push(Word::Key(Keyword::Def(w.to_owned())));
+                    i += 1;
+                }
                 words.push(Word::Key(Keyword::Def(str_words[i + 1].to_owned())));
                 i += 1;
             }
@@ -121,7 +125,20 @@ fn read_block_dyn(
                     run_as_base: false,
                 }))))
             }
-            x if x.len() >= 2 && &x[0..2] == "!{" => {
+            // <| .. > lambda
+            "|" => {
+                let block = read_block_dyn(&str_words[i + 1..], false, ">".to_owned(), compat)?;
+                i += block.2;
+                words.push(Word::Const(Value::Func(AFunc::new(Func {
+                    ret_count: 0,
+                    to_call: FuncImpl::SPL(block.1),
+                    origin: Arc::new(Frame::dummy()),
+                    fname: None,
+                    name: "dyn-arg".to_owned(),
+                    run_as_base: false,
+                }))))
+            }
+            x if x.len() >= 2 && x.get(0..2) == Some("!{") => {
                 words.push(Word::Const(Value::Str(x[2..].to_owned())));
             }
             "<" => {
@@ -240,6 +257,54 @@ fn read_block_dyn(
                 }
                 words.push(Word::Key(Keyword::With(vars)));
             }
+            "=" => {
+                if str_words[i + 1] == ">" {
+                    i += 1;
+                    let cword = &str_words[i + 1];
+                    if cword.contains(|c| c == '?' || c == '!')
+                        && !cword.contains(|c: char| c == '^' || !c.is_ascii_punctuation())
+                    {
+                        i += 1;
+                    }
+                    let pushing = if cword.contains('?') {
+                        words.push(Word::Call("dup".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                        true
+                    } else {
+                        false
+                    };
+                    let throwing = cword.contains('!');
+                    if str_words[i + 1] == "[" {
+                        i += 1;
+                        let mut block =
+                            read_block_dyn(&str_words[i + 1..], false, "]".to_owned(), compat)?;
+                        i += block.2 + 1;
+                        words.push(Word::Call("[".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                        words.append(&mut block.1.words);
+                        words.push(Word::Call("]".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                    } else {
+                        words.append(
+                            &mut read_block_dyn(
+                                &[str_words[i + 1].clone()],
+                                false,
+                                "".to_owned(),
+                                false,
+                            )?
+                            .1
+                            .words,
+                        );
+                        i += 1;
+                    }
+                    words.push(Word::Call("match".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                    if throwing {
+                        words.push(Word::Call("_'match-else-error".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                    }
+                    if pushing {
+                        words.push(Word::Call("_'match-else-push".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    words.push(Word::Call("=".to_owned(), false, 0));
+                }
+            }
             "inline-callable" => {
                 words.push(Word::Key(Keyword::InlineCallable));
             }
@@ -255,6 +320,9 @@ fn read_block_dyn(
             x if x.starts_with('\"') => {
                 words.push(Word::Const(Value::Str(x[1..].to_owned())));
             }
+            x if x.starts_with('^') => {
+                words.push(Word::Const(Value::Str(x[1..].to_owned())));
+            }
             x if x.chars().all(|c| c.is_numeric() || c == '_' || c == '-')
                 && !x.starts_with('_')
                 && x.contains(char::is_numeric) =>

src/lib.rs

@@ -101,6 +101,24 @@ nofmt! {
         };
     }
 
+    #[macro_export]
+    macro_rules! require_mut_on_stack {
+        ($name:tt, $type:tt, $stack:expr, $fn:literal) => {
+            let binding = $stack.pop();
+            let Value::$type(ref mut $name) = binding.lock().native else {
+                return $stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall($fn.to_owned()))
+            };
+        };
+    }
+    #[macro_export]
+    macro_rules! require_mut {
+        ($name:tt, $type:tt, $binding:expr, $stack:expr, $fn:literal) => {
+            let Value::$type(ref mut $name) = $binding.lock().native else {
+                return $stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall($fn.to_owned()))
+            };
+        };
+    }
+
     #[macro_export]
     macro_rules! require_int_on_stack {
         ($name:tt, $stack:expr, $fn:literal) => {
@@ -133,6 +151,31 @@ nofmt! {
         };
     }
     #[macro_export]
+    macro_rules! require_byte_array_on_stack {
+        ($name:tt, $stack:expr, $fn:literal) => {
+            let binding = $stack.pop();
+            let $name = match binding.lock_ro().native {
+                Value::Array(ref x) => x
+                    .iter()
+                    .cloned()
+                    .map(|x| {
+                        Ok(match &x.lock_ro().native {
+                            Value::Int(x) => *x as u8,
+                            Value::Long(x) => *x as u8,
+                            Value::Mega(x) => *x as u8,
+                            _ => $stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidType(
+                                x.lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_name(),
+                                "byte".to_owned(),
+                            ))?,
+                        })
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?,
+                Value::ByteArray(ref x) => x.clone(),
+                _ => return $stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall($fn.to_owned())),
+            };
+        };
+    }
+    #[macro_export]
     macro_rules! require_mut_array_on_stack {
         ($name:tt, $stack:expr, $fn:literal) => {
             let binding = $stack.pop();

src/runtime.rs

@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ impl Runtime {
         let _ = rt.make_type("func".to_owned(), Ok); // infallible
         let _ = rt.make_type("array".to_owned(), Ok); // infallible
         let _ = rt.make_type("str".to_owned(), Ok); // infallible
+        let _ = rt.make_type("bytearray".to_owned(), Ok); // infallible
         stdlib::register(&mut rt);
         rt
     }
@@ -473,6 +474,9 @@ impl Stack {
     }
 
     pub fn call(&mut self, func: &AFunc) -> OError {
+        if func.origin.is_dummy() {
+            return self.fast_call(func);
+        }
         let f = if let Some(ref cname) = func.fname {
             Frame::new_in(
                 func.origin.clone(),
@@ -515,14 +519,13 @@ impl Stack {
             frame = self.frames.first().unwrap().clone();
         }
         let tmpname = name.clone();
-        let tmpframe = frame.clone();
         frame.functions.lock().insert(
             name.clone(),
             Arc::new(Func {
                 ret_count: 1,
-                origin: frame.clone(),
+                origin: Arc::new(Frame::dummy()),
                 to_call: FuncImpl::NativeDyn(Arc::new(Box::new(move |stack| {
-                    stack.push(tmpframe.get_var(tmpname.clone(), stack)?);
+                    stack.push(stack.get_var(tmpname.clone())?);
                     Ok(())
                 }))),
                 run_as_base: false,
@@ -531,15 +534,14 @@ impl Stack {
             }),
         );
         let tmpname = name.clone();
-        let tmpframe = frame.clone();
         frame.functions.lock().insert(
             "=".to_owned() + &name,
             Arc::new(Func {
                 ret_count: 0,
-                origin: frame.clone(),
+                origin: Arc::new(Frame::dummy()),
                 to_call: FuncImpl::NativeDyn(Arc::new(Box::new(move |stack| {
                     let v = stack.pop();
-                    tmpframe.set_var(tmpname.clone(), v, stack)
+                    stack.set_var(tmpname.clone(), v)
                 }))),
                 run_as_base: false,
                 fname: Some("RUNTIME".to_owned()),
@@ -568,11 +570,33 @@ impl Stack {
     }
 
     pub fn set_var(&self, name: String, obj: AMObject) -> OError {
-        self.get_frame().set_var(name, obj, self)
+        if let Err(x) = self.get_frame().set_var(name.clone(), obj.clone(), self) {
+            for i in 1..self.frames.len() {
+                if self
+                    .peek_frame(i)
+                    .set_var(name.clone(), obj.clone(), self)
+                    .is_ok()
+                {
+                    return Ok(());
+                }
+            }
+            return Err(x);
+        }
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     pub fn get_var(&self, name: String) -> Result<AMObject, Error> {
-        self.get_frame().get_var(name, self)
+        match self.get_frame().get_var(name.clone(), self) {
+            Err(x) => {
+                for i in 1..self.frames.len() {
+                    if let Ok(x) = self.peek_frame(i).get_var(name.clone(), self) {
+                        return Ok(x);
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(x)
+            }
+            Ok(x) => Ok(x),
+        }
     }
 
     pub fn push(&mut self, obj: AMObject) {
@@ -771,6 +795,7 @@ pub enum Value {
     Double(f64),
     Func(AFunc),
     Array(Vec<AMObject>),
+    ByteArray(Vec<u8>),
     Str(String),
 }
 
@@ -1058,14 +1083,15 @@ impl Object {
     pub fn is_truthy(&self) -> bool {
         match &self.native {
             Value::Null => self.kind.lock_ro().id != 0,
-            Value::Int(x) => x > &0,
+            Value::Int(x) => *x > 0,
-            Value::Long(x) => x > &0,
+            Value::Long(x) => *x > 0,
-            Value::Mega(x) => x > &0,
+            Value::Mega(x) => *x > 0,
-            Value::Float(_) => true,
+            Value::Float(x) => x.is_finite(),
-            Value::Double(_) => true,
+            Value::Double(x) => x.is_finite(),
             Value::Func(_) => true,
             Value::Array(_) => true,
             Value::Str(x) => !x.is_empty(),
+            Value::ByteArray(_) => true,
         }
     }
 
@@ -1125,6 +1151,7 @@ impl From<Value> for Object {
                     Value::Func(_) => x.get_type_by_id(6),
                     Value::Array(_) => x.get_type_by_id(7),
                     Value::Str(_) => x.get_type_by_id(8),
+                    Value::ByteArray(_) => x.get_type_by_id(9),
                 }
                 .expect("runtime uninitialized: default types not set.")
             }),

src/sasm.rs

@@ -175,6 +175,25 @@ fn sasm_parse<'a>(line: &str, words: &mut Vec<Word>, lines: &mut impl Iterator<I
             })))),
             "null" => words.push(Word::Const(Value::Null)),
             "array" => panic!("invalid sasm const: array - not all Values can be consts!"),
+            "bytearray" => {
+                let mut array = Vec::new();
+                let inp = line[2].chars().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+                fn v(c: char) -> u8 {
+                    if c > '0' && c <= '9' {
+                        c as u8 - '0' as u8
+                    } else if c > 'a' && c <= 'f' {
+                        c as u8 - 'a' as u8
+                    } else {
+                        panic!("invalid sasm const: const bytearray [nonbytearray]")
+                    }
+                }
+                for i in (0..inp.len() / 2).map(|x| x * 2) {
+                    let a = inp[i];
+                    let b = inp[i + 1];
+                    array.push(v(a) * 0x10 + v(b));
+                }
+                words.push(Word::Const(Value::ByteArray(array)));
+            }
             _ => panic!("invalid sasm const: {}", line[1]),
         },
         "call" => {
@@ -356,6 +375,25 @@ fn sasm_write_func(words: Words) -> String {
                         text.replace("\0", "\0\x01").replace("\n", "\0\0")
                     );
                 }
+                Value::ByteArray(b) => {
+                    fn c(v: u8) -> char {
+                        if v > 16 {
+                            unreachable!();
+                        }
+                        (if v < 10 {
+                            '0' as u8 + v
+                        } else {
+                            'a' as u8 + v - 10
+                        }) as char
+                    }
+
+                    let mut out = String::with_capacity(b.len() * 2);
+                    for b in b {
+                        out.push(c(b / 0x10));
+                        out.push(c(b % 0x10));
+                    }
+                    output += &format!("const bytearray {out}\n");
+                }
             },
             Word::Call(name, rem, ra) => {
                 output += "call ";

src/std_fns.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 use std::{
-    collections::VecDeque,
+    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
-    env::{args, vars},
+    env::{self, args, vars},
     fs,
     io::{stdin, stdout, Write},
-    mem,
     ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Rem, Sub},
     process::{self, Stdio},
     sync::Arc,
@@ -96,12 +95,27 @@ pub fn settype(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     let o = stack.pop();
     let kind = runtime(|rt| rt.get_type_by_name(&s))
         .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::TypeNotFound(s)))?;
+    set_type_internal(&o, kind);
+    stack.push(o);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn settypeid(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    let Value::Int(i) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone() else {
+        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("settype".to_owned()));
+    };
+    let o = stack.pop();
+    let kind = runtime(|rt| rt.get_type_by_id(i as u32))
+        .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::TypeNotFound(format!(";{i}"))))?;
+    set_type_internal(&o, kind);
+    stack.push(o);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn set_type_internal(o: &Arc<Mut<Object>>, kind: Arc<Mut<Type>>) {
     let mut obj = o.lock();
     kind.lock_ro().write_into(&mut obj);
     obj.kind = kind;
-    mem::drop(obj);
-    stack.push(o);
-    Ok(())
 }
 
 pub fn gettype(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
@@ -110,6 +124,23 @@ pub fn gettype(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+pub fn gettypeid(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    let o = stack.pop();
+    stack.push(Value::Int(o.lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_id() as i32).spl());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn barray_new(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    let Value::Mega(i) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone() else {
+        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("banew".to_owned()));
+    };
+    if i < 0 {
+        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("banew".to_owned()));
+    }
+    stack.push(Value::ByteArray(vec![0u8; i as usize]).spl());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 pub fn array_new(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     let Value::Mega(i) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone() else {
         return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("anew".to_owned()));
@@ -123,36 +154,46 @@ pub fn array_new(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 
 pub fn array_len(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     let binding = stack.pop();
-    let Value::Array(ref a) = binding.lock_ro().native else {
+    let len = match binding.lock_ro().native {
-        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-len".to_owned()));
+        Value::Array(ref a) => a.len(),
+        Value::ByteArray(ref a) => a.len(),
+        _ => return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-len".to_owned())),
     };
-    stack.push(Value::Mega(a.len() as i128).spl());
+    stack.push(Value::Mega(len as i128).spl());
     Ok(())
 }
 
 pub fn array_get(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     let binding = stack.pop();
-    let Value::Array(ref a) = binding.lock_ro().native else {
+    let Value::Mega(i) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native else {
         return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-get".to_owned()));
     };
-    let Value::Mega(i) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone() else {
+    let o = match binding.lock_ro().native {
-        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-get".to_owned()));
+        Value::Array(ref a) => a.get(i as usize).cloned(),
+        Value::ByteArray(ref a) => a.get(i as usize).map(|x| Value::Int(*x as i32).spl()),
+        _ => return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-get".to_owned())),
     };
-    stack.push(a.get(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))?.clone());
+    stack.push(o.ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))?);
     Ok(())
 }
 
 pub fn array_set(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
-    let binding = stack.pop();
+    let binding = &stack.pop();
-    let Value::Array(ref mut a) = binding.lock().native else {
+    let binding = &mut binding.lock().native;
-        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-set".to_owned()));
+    require_on_stack!(i, Mega, stack, "array-set");
-    };
-    let Value::Mega(i) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone() else {
-        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-set".to_owned()));
-    };
     let o = stack.pop();
-    stack.push(a.get(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))?.clone());
+    if let Value::Array(ref mut a) = binding {
-    *a.get_mut(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))? = o;
+        stack.push(a.get(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))?.clone());
+        *a.get_mut(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))? = o;
+    } else if let Value::ByteArray(ref mut a) = binding {
+        let Value::Int(o) = o.lock_ro().native else {
+            return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-set".to_owned()));
+        };
+        stack.push(Value::Int(*a.get(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))? as i32).spl());
+        *a.get_mut(i as usize).ok_or_else(array!(stack, i))? = o as u8;
+    } else {
+        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("array-set".to_owned()));
+    };
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -227,6 +268,8 @@ pub fn plus(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Mega,
             Long,
             Int,
+            Float,
+            Double,
         )
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -245,6 +288,8 @@ pub fn minus(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Mega,
             Long,
             Int,
+            Float,
+            Double,
         )
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -263,6 +308,8 @@ pub fn slash(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Mega,
             Long,
             Int,
+            Float,
+            Double,
         )
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -281,6 +328,8 @@ pub fn star(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Mega,
             Long,
             Int,
+            Float,
+            Double,
         )
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -295,7 +344,7 @@ pub fn percent(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             a,
             b,
             rem,
-            stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("star".to_owned())),
+            stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("percent".to_owned())),
             Mega,
             Long,
             Int,
@@ -320,6 +369,7 @@ pub fn to_int(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Value::Str(x) => x
                 .parse()
                 .map_err(|_| stack.error(ErrorKind::Parse(x, "int".to_owned())))?,
+            Value::ByteArray(x) => x.len() as i32,
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -341,6 +391,7 @@ pub fn to_long(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Value::Str(x) => x
                 .parse()
                 .map_err(|_| stack.error(ErrorKind::Parse(x, "long".to_owned())))?,
+            Value::ByteArray(x) => x.len() as i64,
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -362,6 +413,7 @@ pub fn to_mega(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Value::Str(x) => x
                 .parse()
                 .map_err(|_| stack.error(ErrorKind::Parse(x, "mega".to_owned())))?,
+            Value::ByteArray(x) => x.len() as i128,
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -383,6 +435,7 @@ pub fn to_float(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Value::Str(x) => x
                 .parse()
                 .map_err(|_| stack.error(ErrorKind::Parse(x, "float".to_owned())))?,
+            Value::ByteArray(_) => type_err!(stack, "bytearray", "float"),
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -404,6 +457,7 @@ pub fn to_double(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             Value::Str(x) => x
                 .parse()
                 .map_err(|_| stack.error(ErrorKind::Parse(x, "double".to_owned())))?,
+            Value::ByteArray(_) => type_err!(stack, "bytearray", "double"),
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -426,6 +480,11 @@ pub fn to_array(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
                 .chars()
                 .map(|x| Value::Int(x as u32 as i32).spl())
                 .collect(),
+            Value::ByteArray(x) => x
+                .iter()
+                .cloned()
+                .map(|x| Value::Int(x as i32).spl())
+                .collect(),
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -466,6 +525,46 @@ pub fn to_str(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
                 fixed
             }
             Value::Str(x) => x,
+            Value::ByteArray(x) => String::from_utf8(x).map_err(|_| {
+                stack.error(ErrorKind::InvalidType(
+                    "!utf8".to_owned(),
+                    "utf8".to_owned(),
+                ))
+            })?,
+        })
+        .spl(),
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn to_bytearray(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    let o = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone();
+    stack.push(
+        Value::ByteArray(match o {
+            Value::Null => type_err!(stack, "null", "array"),
+            Value::Int(_) => type_err!(stack, "int", "array"),
+            Value::Long(_) => type_err!(stack, "long", "array"),
+            Value::Mega(_) => type_err!(stack, "mega", "array"),
+            Value::Float(_) => type_err!(stack, "float", "array"),
+            Value::Double(_) => type_err!(stack, "double", "array"),
+            Value::Func(_) => type_err!(stack, "func", "array"),
+            Value::Array(x) => x
+                .iter()
+                .cloned()
+                .map(|x| {
+                    Ok(match &x.lock_ro().native {
+                        Value::Int(x) => *x as u8,
+                        Value::Long(x) => *x as u8,
+                        Value::Mega(x) => *x as u8,
+                        _ => stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidType(
+                            x.lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_name(),
+                            "byte".to_owned(),
+                        ))?,
+                    })
+                })
+                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?,
+            Value::Str(x) => x.into_bytes(),
+            Value::ByteArray(x) => x,
         })
         .spl(),
     );
@@ -605,6 +704,7 @@ pub fn alit_end(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+// TODO: rewrite
 pub fn import(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     let Value::Str(mut s) = stack.pop().lock_ro().native.clone() else {
         return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("import".to_owned()));
@@ -712,17 +812,31 @@ pub fn command(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     if args.is_empty() {
         return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("command".to_owned()));
     }
-    process::Command::new(&args[0])
+    stack.push(
-        .args(&args[1..])
+        Value::Long(
-        .stdin(Stdio::inherit())
+            process::Command::new(&args[0])
-        .stdout(Stdio::inherit())
+                .args(&args[1..])
-        .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
+                .stdin(Stdio::null())
-        .spawn()
+                .stdout(Stdio::null())
-        .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(x.to_string())))?;
+                .stderr(Stdio::null())
+                .spawn()
+                .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(x.to_string())))?
+                .id() as i64,
+        )
+        .spl(),
+    );
     Ok(())
 }
 
 pub fn command_wait(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    command_wait_impl(stack, Stdio::inherit)
+}
+
+pub fn command_wait_silent(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    command_wait_impl(stack, Stdio::null)
+}
+
+pub fn command_wait_impl(stack: &mut Stack, stdio: fn() -> Stdio) -> OError {
     let binding = stack.pop();
     let Value::Array(ref a) = binding.lock_ro().native else {
         return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("command".to_owned()));
@@ -742,9 +856,9 @@ pub fn command_wait(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
         Value::Int(
             process::Command::new(&args[0])
                 .args(&args[1..])
-                .stdin(Stdio::inherit())
+                .stdin(stdio())
-                .stdout(Stdio::inherit())
+                .stdout(stdio())
-                .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
+                .stderr(stdio())
                 .spawn()
                 .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(x.to_string())))?
                 .wait()
@@ -759,29 +873,18 @@ pub fn command_wait(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 
 pub fn str_to_bytes(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_on_stack!(s, Str, stack, "str-to-bytes");
-    stack.push(
+    stack.push(Value::ByteArray(s.bytes().collect()).spl());
-        Value::Array(
-            s.bytes()
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|x| Value::Int(x as i32).spl())
-                .collect(),
-        )
-        .spl(),
-    );
     Ok(())
 }
 
 pub fn bytes_to_str(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
-    require_array_on_stack!(a, stack, "str-to-bytes");
+    if stack.peek().lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_name() == "bytearray" {
-    let mut chars = Vec::new();
+        require_on_stack!(a, ByteArray, stack, "bytes-to-str");
-    for item in a.iter() {
+        stack.push(Value::Str(String::from_utf8_lossy(&a[..]).into_owned()).spl());
-        if let Value::Int(x) = item.lock_ro().native.clone().try_mega_to_int() {
+        return Ok(());
-            chars.push(x as u8);
-        } else {
-            return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("command".to_owned()));
-        }
     }
-    stack.push(Value::Str(String::from_utf8_lossy(&chars[..]).into_owned()).spl());
+    require_byte_array_on_stack!(a, stack, "bytes-to-str");
+    stack.push(Value::Str(String::from_utf8_lossy(&a).into_owned()).spl());
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -790,7 +893,8 @@ pub fn acopy(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_on_stack!(idx_dest, Mega, stack, "acopy");
     require_on_stack!(idx_src, Mega, stack, "acopy");
     let dest_array = stack.pop();
-    {
+    let kind = dest_array.lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_name();
+    if kind == "array" {
         require_mut_array!(dest, dest_array, stack, "acopy");
         require_array_on_stack!(src, stack, "acopy");
         let offset = idx_dest - idx_src;
@@ -805,6 +909,14 @@ pub fn acopy(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
             *dest.get_mut((i + offset) as usize).unwrap() = src.get(i as usize).unwrap().clone();
         }
     }
+    if kind == "bytearray" {
+        require_mut!(dest, ByteArray, dest_array, stack, "acopy");
+        require_byte_array_on_stack!(src, stack, "acopy");
+        let len = len as usize;
+        let idx_src = idx_src as usize;
+        let idx_dest = idx_dest as usize;
+        (&mut dest[idx_dest..idx_dest + len]).clone_from_slice(&src[idx_src..idx_src + len]);
+    }
     stack.push(dest_array);
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -906,7 +1018,8 @@ pub fn str_to_mega_radix(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 pub fn mega_to_str_radix(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_int_on_stack!(radix, stack, "mega-to-str-radix");
     require_on_stack!(mega, Mega, stack, "mega-to-str-radix");
-    let mut result = Vec::new();
+    // capacity because O(n)
+    let mut result = Vec::with_capacity((mega as f64).powf(1.0 / radix as f64) as usize + 2);
     let neg = mega < 0;
     let mut mega = mega;
     if neg {
@@ -930,9 +1043,122 @@ pub fn mega_to_str_radix(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     return Ok(());
 }
 
+pub fn properties(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    let o = stack.pop();
+    let o = o.lock_ro();
+    let additional: Vec<AMObject> = vec![
+        Value::Array(vec![
+            ":".to_owned().spl(),
+            o.kind.lock_ro().get_name().spl(),
+        ])
+        .spl(),
+        Value::Array(vec![";".to_owned().spl(), o.native.clone().spl()]).spl(),
+    ];
+    stack.push(
+        Value::Array(
+            o.property_map
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| Value::Array(vec![k.clone().spl(), v.clone()]).spl())
+                .chain(additional.into_iter())
+                .collect(),
+        )
+        .spl(),
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn from_properties(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    require_array_on_stack!(props, stack, "from-properties");
+    let mut map = HashMap::with_capacity(props.len());
+    for prop in props {
+        require_array!(prop, prop, stack, "from-properties");
+        if prop.len() != 2 {
+            stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("from-properties".to_string()))?;
+        }
+        let Value::Str(ref s) = prop[0].lock_ro().native else {
+            return Err(stack.error(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("from-properties".to_string())));
+        };
+        map.insert(s.to_owned(), prop[1].clone());
+    }
+    let Value::Str(kind) = map
+        .get(":")
+        .ok_or(stack.error(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("from-properties".to_string())))?
+        .lock_ro()
+        .native
+        .clone()
+    else {
+        return Err(stack.error(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("from-properties".to_string())));
+    };
+    let kind = runtime(|rt| rt.get_type_by_name(&kind))
+        .ok_or(stack.error(ErrorKind::TypeNotFound(kind.to_owned())))?;
+    let native = map
+        .get(";")
+        .ok_or(stack.error(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("from-properties".to_owned())))?
+        .lock_ro()
+        .native
+        .clone();
+    map.remove(";");
+    map.remove(":");
+    stack.push(Arc::new(Mut::new(Object {
+        kind,
+        native,
+        property_map: map,
+    })));
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn list_files(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    require_on_stack!(dir, Str, stack, "list-files");
+    stack.push(
+        match fs::read_dir(&dir)
+            .map_err(|_| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(format!("Not a directory: {}", &dir))))
+        {
+            Ok(it) => Value::Array(
+                it.filter(|x| x.is_ok())
+                    .map(|x| {
+                        if let Ok(x) = x {
+                            Value::Str(x.file_name().to_string_lossy().into_owned()).spl()
+                        } else {
+                            unreachable!()
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .collect(),
+            )
+            .spl(),
+            Err(_) => Value::Null.spl(),
+        },
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn delete_file(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    require_on_stack!(file, Str, stack, "delete-file");
+    stack.push(Value::Int(if fs::remove_file(file).is_ok() { 1 } else { 0 }).spl());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn delete_dir(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    require_on_stack!(dir, Str, stack, "delete-dir");
+    stack.push(
+        Value::Int(if fs::remove_dir_all(dir).is_ok() {
+            1
+        } else {
+            0
+        })
+        .spl(),
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn chdir(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    require_on_stack!(dir, Str, stack, "chdir");
+    env::set_current_dir(dir).map_err(|e| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(e.to_string())))?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
     type Fn = fn(&mut Stack) -> OError;
-    let fns: [(&str, Fn, u32); 59] = [
+    let fns: [(&str, Fn, u32); 70] = [
         ("pop", pop, 0),
         ("dup", dup, 2),
         ("dup2", dup2, 3),
@@ -941,7 +1167,10 @@ pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
         ("mswap", mswap, 2),
         ("print", print, 0),
         ("gettype", gettype, 1),
+        ("gettypeid", gettypeid, 1),
         ("settype", settype, 1),
+        ("settypeid", settypeid, 1),
+        ("banew", barray_new, 1),
         ("anew", array_new, 1),
         ("array-len", array_len, 1),
         ("array-get", array_get, 1),
@@ -964,6 +1193,7 @@ pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
         ("_double", to_double, 1),
         ("_array", to_array, 1),
         ("_str", to_str, 1),
+        ("_barray", to_bytearray, 1),
         ("call", call, 0),
         ("callp", callp, 0),
         ("trace", trace, 1),
@@ -979,8 +1209,9 @@ pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
         ("alit-end", alit_end, 1),
         ("import", import, 0),
         ("readln", readln, 1),
-        ("command", command, 0),
+        ("command", command, 1),
         ("command-wait", command_wait, 1),
+        ("command-wait-silent", command_wait_silent, 1),
         ("str-to-bytes", str_to_bytes, 1),
         ("bytes-to-str", bytes_to_str, 1),
         ("acopy", acopy, 1),
@@ -992,6 +1223,12 @@ pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
         ("str-readf", str_readf, 1),
         ("str-to-mega-radix", str_to_mega_radix, 1),
         ("mega-to-str-radix", mega_to_str_radix, 1),
+        ("properties", properties, 1),
+        ("from-properties", from_properties, 1),
+        ("list-files", list_files, 1),
+        ("delete-file", delete_file, 1),
+        ("delete-dir", delete_dir, 1),
+        ("chdir", chdir, 0),
     ];
     for f in fns {
         r.define_func(

src/stdlib.rs

@@ -10,11 +10,14 @@ pub const MESSAGING: &str = include_str!("../spl/messaging.spl");
 pub const ASSEMBLE: &str = include_str!("../spl/assemble.spl");
 pub const ISBPL: &str = include_str!("../spl/isbpl.spl");
 pub const REPL: &str = include_str!("../spl/repl.spl");
+pub const FAST: &str = include_str!("../spl/fast.spl");
 pub const PURE: &str = include_str!("../spl/pure.spl");
 pub const TIME: &str = include_str!("../spl/time.spl");
 pub const SERVER: &str = include_str!("../spl/server.spl");
 pub const HTTP_SERVER: &str = include_str!("../spl/httpserver/base.spl");
 pub const HTTP_SERVER_STATIC: &str = include_str!("../spl/httpserver/static.spl");
+pub const LINKEDLIST: &str = include_str!("../spl/linkedlist.spl");
+pub const JSON: &str = include_str!("../spl/json.spl");
 pub const NOP: &str = "";
 
 pub fn register(runtime: &mut Runtime) {
@@ -29,11 +32,14 @@ pub fn register(runtime: &mut Runtime) {
         insert("assemble.spl", ASSEMBLE);
         insert("isbpl.spl", ISBPL);
         insert("repl.spl", REPL);
+        insert("fast.spl", FAST);
         insert("pure.spl", PURE);
         insert("time.spl", TIME);
         insert("server.spl", SERVER);
         insert("httpserver/base.spl", HTTP_SERVER);
         insert("httpserver/static.spl", HTTP_SERVER_STATIC);
+        insert("linkedlist.spl", LINKEDLIST);
+        insert("json.spl", JSON);
         insert("nop.spl", NOP);
     }
 }

src/stream/mod.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
     }
 
     type Fn = fn(&mut Stack) -> OError;
-    let fns: [(&str, Fn, u32); 11] = [
+    let fns: [(&str, Fn, u32); 12] = [
         ("new-stream", new_stream, 1),
         ("write-stream", write_stream, 1),
         ("write-all-stream", write_all_stream, 0),
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ pub fn register(r: &mut Stack, o: Arc<Frame>) {
         ("accept-server-stream", accept_server_stream, 1),
         ("close-server-stream", close_server_stream, 0),
         ("get-stream-peer", get_stream_peer, 2),
+        ("shutdown-input-stream", shutdown_input_stream, 0),
     ];
     for f in fns {
         r.define_func(

src/stream/rw.rs

@@ -86,6 +86,16 @@ impl Stream {
         f(&mut self.extra);
         self
     }
+
+    pub fn shutdown_write(&mut self) {
+        let mut bx = Box::new(IgnoreWrite());
+        self.writer = unsafe {
+            (bx.as_mut() as *mut (dyn Write + Send + Sync + 'static))
+                .as_mut()
+                .unwrap()
+        };
+        self._writer_storage = Some(bx);
+    }
 }
 
 impl Read for Stream {
@@ -132,6 +142,17 @@ impl Write for Stream {
     }
 }
 
+struct IgnoreWrite();
+impl Write for IgnoreWrite {
+    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> std::io::Result<usize> {
+        Ok(buf.len())
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
 impl<T> From<T> for StreamType
 where
     T: Fn(&mut Stack) -> Result<Stream, Error> + Sync + Send + 'static,
@@ -155,23 +176,16 @@ pub fn new_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 
 pub fn write_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_on_stack!(id, Mega, stack, "write-stream");
-    require_array_on_stack!(a, stack, "write-stream");
+    require_byte_array_on_stack!(a, stack, "write-stream");
     let stream = runtime(|rt| {
         rt.get_stream(id as u128)
             .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
     })?;
-    let mut fixed = Vec::with_capacity(a.len());
-    for item in a.iter() {
-        match item.lock_ro().native {
-            Value::Int(x) => fixed.push(x as u8),
-            _ => type_err!(stack, "!int", "int"),
-        }
-    }
     stack.push(
         Value::Mega(
             stream
                 .lock()
-                .write(&fixed[..])
+                .write(&a)
                 .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(format!("{x:?}"))))? as i128,
         )
         .spl(),
@@ -182,21 +196,14 @@ pub fn write_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 
 pub fn write_all_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_on_stack!(id, Mega, stack, "write-all-stream");
-    require_array_on_stack!(a, stack, "write-all-stream");
+    require_byte_array_on_stack!(a, stack, "write-all-stream");
     let stream = runtime(|rt| {
         rt.get_stream(id as u128)
             .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
     })?;
-    let mut fixed = Vec::with_capacity(a.len());
-    for item in a.iter() {
-        match item.lock_ro().native {
-            Value::Int(x) => fixed.push(x as u8),
-            _ => type_err!(stack, "!int", "int"),
-        }
-    }
     stream
         .lock()
-        .write_all(&fixed[..])
+        .write_all(&a)
         .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(format!("{x:?}"))))?;
     black_box(&stream.lock_ro()._writer_storage);
     Ok(())
@@ -219,12 +226,13 @@ pub fn flush_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 pub fn read_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_on_stack!(id, Mega, stack, "read-stream");
     let array = stack.pop();
-    {
+    let kind = array.lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_name();
+    let stream = runtime(|rt| {
+        rt.get_stream(id as u128)
+            .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
+    })?;
+    if kind == "array" {
         require_mut_array!(a, array, stack, "read-stream");
-        let stream = runtime(|rt| {
-            rt.get_stream(id as u128)
-                .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
-        })?;
         let mut vec = vec![0; a.len()];
         stack.push(
             Value::Mega(
@@ -242,6 +250,19 @@ pub fn read_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         );
     }
+    if kind == "bytearray" {
+        require_mut!(a, ByteArray, array, stack, "read-stream");
+        stack.push(
+            Value::Mega(
+                stream
+                    .lock()
+                    .read(a)
+                    .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(format!("{x:?}"))))?
+                    as i128,
+            )
+            .spl(),
+        );
+    }
     stack.push(array);
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -249,12 +270,13 @@ pub fn read_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
 pub fn read_all_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     require_on_stack!(id, Mega, stack, "read-all-stream");
     let array = stack.pop();
-    {
+    let kind = array.lock_ro().kind.lock_ro().get_name();
+    let stream = runtime(|rt| {
+        rt.get_stream(id as u128)
+            .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
+    })?;
+    if kind == "array" {
         require_mut_array!(a, array, stack, "read-all-stream");
-        let stream = runtime(|rt| {
-            rt.get_stream(id as u128)
-                .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
-        })?;
         let mut vec = vec![0; a.len()];
         stream
             .lock()
@@ -266,6 +288,13 @@ pub fn read_all_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
         );
     }
+    if kind == "bytearray" {
+        require_mut!(a, ByteArray, array, stack, "read-stream");
+        stream
+            .lock()
+            .read_exact(a)
+            .map_err(|x| stack.error(ErrorKind::IO(format!("{x:?}"))))?;
+    }
     stack.push(array);
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -276,6 +305,16 @@ pub fn close_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+pub fn shutdown_input_stream(stack: &mut Stack) -> OError {
+    require_on_stack!(id, Mega, stack, "shutdown-input-stream");
+    let stream = runtime(|rt| {
+        rt.get_stream(id as u128)
+            .ok_or_else(|| stack.error(ErrorKind::VariableNotFound(format!("__stream-{id}"))))
+    })?;
+    stream.lock().shutdown_write();
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 pub(super) fn stream_file(stack: &mut Stack) -> Result<Stream, Error> {
     let truncate = stack.pop().lock_ro().is_truthy();
     require_on_stack!(path, Str, stack, "FILE new-stream");
@@ -335,7 +374,7 @@ pub(super) fn stream_cmd(stack: &mut Stack) -> Result<Stream, Error> {
         }
     }
     if args.is_empty() {
-        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("command".to_owned()));
+        return stack.err(ErrorKind::InvalidCall("CMD new-stream".to_owned()));
     }
     let mut command = process::Command::new(&args[0])
         .args(&args[1..])

test.spl

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 [
-"#stream.spl" import
+"spl/stream.spl" import
-"#http.spl" import
+"spl/http.spl" import
-"#messaging.spl" import
+"spl/messaging.spl" import
-"#server.spl" import
+"spl/server.spl" import
-"#time.spl" import
+"spl/time.spl" import
-"#httpserver/base.spl" import
+"spl/httpserver/base.spl" import
+"spl/linkedlist.spl" import
+"spl/json.spl" import
 
 
 "SPL tester" =program-name
@@ -237,16 +239,116 @@ func main { int | with args ;
     "hello! this is a test of URL encoding!" net:http:urlencode dup println;
     net:http:urldecode println;
 
-    5 :foreach<{ | "" println }>
+    "" println;
+    "testing linked lists" println;
+
+    def list LinkedList:new =list
+    "=> len of an empty list: " print;
+    list:len println;
+
+    "=> len of a list with one element: " print;
+    list:push;<"Hello!">
+    list:len println;
+
+    "=> list should not have a next yet... " print;
+    list:next null eq dup if { "ok" swap } not if { "BAD" } println 
+
+    "=> element zero should be 'Hello!': " print list:get<0> println;
+    
+    "=> iter of list should start with that too: " print list:iter dup:next println;
+    "=> then should be null: " print :next dup null eq if { pop "ok" } println;
+
+    "=> list should contain 'Hello!': " print list:iter:join<", "> println;
+
+    "=> with new element after that: " print 
+    list:push;<"One!!">
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+
+    "=> pushing numbers 2..10: " print
+    2 10 Range:new:iter:foreach;<{ | list:push; }>
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+
+    "=> popping 9: " print
+    list:pop;
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+    "=> removing 5: " print
+    list:remove;<5>
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+    "=> popping front: " print
+    list:pop-front;
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+
+    "=> inserting 0 back: " print
+    0 list:insert;<0>
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+
+    "=> inserting 5 back: " print
+    5 list:insert;<5>
+    list:iter:join<", "> println;
+    
+
+    ^ println
+    "testing match" println
+
+    "a -> b (0): " print "a" "b" match _str println
+    "a -> a (1): " print "a" "a" match _str println
+    "[a b] -> [a a] (0): " print [ "a" "b" ] [ "a" "a" ] match _str println
+    "[a b] -> [a b] (1): " print [ "a" "b" ] [ "a" "b" ] match _str println
+
+    def mtesta, mtestb
+
+    "a => =mtesta (1): " print "a" &=mtesta match _str println
+    "[a b] => [a =mtesta] (1): " print [ "a" "b" ] [ "a" &=mtesta ] match _str println
+    "[b a] => [a =mtesta] (0): " print [ "b" "a" ] [ "a" &=mtesta ] match _str println
+    "[a b] => [=mtesta a] (0): " print [ "b" "a" ] [ "a" &=mtesta ] match _str println
+    "-> mtesta = (b) " mtesta _str concat println
+
+    "^ok => ^ok (1): " print ^ok => ^ok _str println
+    "^bad => ^ok (0): " print ^bad => ^ok _str println
+    "[^bad a] => [^ok =mtestb] (0): " print [ ^bad "a" ] => [ ^ok &=mtestb ] _str println
+    "[^ok b] => [^ok =mtestb] (1): " print [ ^ok "b" ] => [ ^ok &=mtestb ] _str println
+
+    "-> mtestb = (b) " mtestb _str concat println
+
+    def result, val
+
+    [ ^ok "hello, world" ] =result
+
+    result =>! [ ^ok &=val ]
+    val println
+
+    [ ^error "bad" ] =result
+
+    catch Custom {
+        result =>! [ ^ok &println ]
+    } { with e ;
+        e:message "match unsuccessful" eq if {
+            "err value: " print
+            result =>! [ ^error &println ]
+        }
+    }
+
+    ^ok =>? ^error not if { println }
+
+    "" println
+    "json test" println
+
+    0 [ 0 1 2 "hi" ] properties json:props-to-sjson println
+
+
+
+
+    
+    5 :foreach<{ | pop "" println }>
     
-    "you now have a chance to connect too: localhost :4075 :4076 - stopping in 5 seconds..." println;
-    5000 time:sleep;
     
     ] dup :len 0 eq not if {
         "" println
         "!! something went wrong somewhere. the stack is not empty." println
         dyn-__dump
     }
+    "you now have a chance to connect too: localhost :4075 :4076 - stopping in 5 seconds..." println;
+    5000 time:sleep;
     100
 }
 

test.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-hi